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{{Dial-A-Law TOC|expanded = rights}}
==What are Understand the main types of immigration?legal framework==People who want to immigrate to Canada can apply under two main classes:*family class*economic class
===There is also a refugee are several categories or “classes” of immigration=== There are dozens of government programs designed to make Canadian immigration successful, both for newcomers and for Canada. These programs fall into three broad categories, or “classes”:#'''Family class'''. Programs for families, explained later in this scriptwhere Canadian citizens and permanent residents may sponsor family members and loved ones for Canadian immigration. Under it, a person can immigrate as #'''Economic class'''. Programs for professionals and workers to apply to become a permanent resident of Canada.#'''Refugee class'''. Canada offers refugee protection to people who fear persecution and who are unwilling or unable to return to their home country.
The ''[http://canlii.ca/t/7vwq Immigration and Refugee Protection Act]'' controls immigration to Canada. A federal government department, [https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship.html Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada], facilitates the arrival of immigrants and refugees to Canada. ==Family class=Immigrating under the “family class”===The goal of this family class immigration is to reunite Canadians with their close relatives overseas. If you’re a A Canadian citizen or permanent resident, you can [https://www'''sponsor''' certain relatives to come to Canada.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/family-sponsorship.html A person can sponsor] your :*their spouse or common-law partner, *their parents, or grandparents, *their dependent children (biological or adopted), or *an unmarried orphaned sibling, nephew, niece or grandchild under 18. Depending on your relationship with that person, you must be able to financially support them from 3 to 20 years.
====Parents and grandparents ====The parent and grandparent sponsorship program is by invitation only. A person can also apply for a long-term [httphttps://www.cic.gccanada.ca/englishen/visitimmigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/supervisafamily-sponsorship/sponsor-parents-grandparents.asp Super Visahtml submit their interest] in sponsoring a parent or grandparent to visit family in become a permanent resident of Canada for up , and they may be invited to 2 years at submit a time. Normal visitor visas are for only 6 monthscomplete application.
The '''start-up visa'''program targets immigrant entrepreneurs with an [httphttps://www.cic.gccanada.ca/englishen/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/expressstart-visa/express-entryabout.asp Express entry programhtml innovative business idea]'''—set up in January 2015 to manage applications submitted in certain economic streams. Now, all applications under the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, Applicants must show they have the Canadian Experience Class, skills and certain Provincial Nominee Programs must go through the Express Entry program. The goal potential to build a business in Canada that is to streamline innovative and speed up the processing of can create jobs. Successful applicants are granted a permanent resident applicationsresidence visa and assistance to become established in Canada.
==[http://www.welcomebc.ca/pnp ==BC’s Provincial Nominee Program] to speed up immigration applicationsprovincial nominee program====BC British Columbia and most other provinces have [https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/provincial-nominees.html '''provincial nominee ''' programs] (that fall under the economic class)of immigrating to Canada. These provinces programs can speed up, or fast track, an immigration application so it takes less than one year. They can also have a work permit issued in 2 two to 3 three months. One of the fastest ways to immigrate to BC is under [http://www.welcomebc.ca/pnp BC’s Provincial Nominee Program], which lets BC select immigrants based on their specific ability to contribute to the BC economy. For example, applicants for jobs in BC where there is a shortage of workers—such as high-tech positions and rural postings—qualify here. But an applicant must first have a job offer to apply under this program. The program has 4 steps: registration, invitation, application, and nomination.
==Help for new immigrants=Immigrating under the “refugee class”===Some financial and other help is available Canada has a long tradition of helping people in need, accepting them as '''refugees'''. Refugees include people unable or unwilling to return to immigrants through various programs and servicestheir home country based on a well-founded fear of being persecuted because of their race, religion, political opinion, including counseling and cultural orientationnationality, loans or membership in a particular social group. Refugees also include people who might face risk to help with transportation to Canadatheir lives, cruel and unusual treatment, language trainingpunishment, and job-related servicesor torture if they went home.
To come to Canada as a refugee, a person must be referred. The United Nations Refugee Agency or a private sponsorship group can refer a refugee. Refugee claimants must prove they meet the definition of a refugee [https://www.lss.bccanada.ca/ Legal Services Societyen/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/refugees.html to become a protected person in Canada] (LSS) . The Canadian government has designated some countries as “safe” and requires special procedures for refugee claimants from these countries. ===Some people are “inadmissible” to Canada===Some people are not allowed to come to Canada. They’re “inadmissible” under [https://www.lss.bccanlii.org/en/ca/legal_aidlaws/stat/ sc-2001-c-27/latest/sc-2001-c-27.html#sec33_smooth Canada’s immigration law]. There are different reasons a person may provide be refused entry to (or removed from) Canada. They include:*'''security reasons''', such as subversion (attempts to overthrow a lawyer for free] if you:government) or violence or terrorism*'''human or international rights violations''', including war crimes * meet the financial guidelines'''committing a crime''', andincluding impaired driving * are facing an immigration proceeding '''medical reasons''', including medical conditions that may remove you from Canada endanger public health*'''financial reasons''' (if you’re unable or you want unwilling to claim refugee status.support yourself and your family members)
===If your application you do not qualify under the usual immigration rules===Immigration officials can make exceptions to the usual immigration rules in some cases to prevent undeserved or exceptional hardship. ===There is rejected or you’re asked help available for new immigrants===Some financial and other help is available to immigrants through various programs and services. These include counseling and cultural orientation, loans to help with transportation to leave Canada==, language training, and job-related services. The refusal Canada has many immigrant-serving organizations to help newcomers settle in Canada. They are excellent sources of a temporary residence application (information and advice on living in Canada. They also have settlement workers who can provide help to meet settlement needs such as finding a visitor recordjob, finding housing, and improving language skills. The Legal Services Society may provide a work permitlawyer for free for those who meet the financial guidelines and are facing an immigration proceeding that may remove them from Canada, or a study permit), will most often come with instructions they want to leave Canada immediatelyclaim refugee status. Their website legalaid.bc. But some applicants will get a ca lists [httpshttp://www.canadalegalaid.bc.ca/enlegal_aid/immigrationlegalAidLocations_Map.php legal aid locations]. You can also call them at 604-refugees408-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/operational-bulletins2172 in Greater Vancouver or toll-manuals/temporaryfree 1-residents/visitors/restoration866-status.html 90577-day restoration period] when they can resubmit an application without having to leave the country. If you stay 2525 elsewhere in Canada without a restoration period, it can cause serious problems for any future application to enterBC.
===If you’re asked to leave Canada===The refusal of a temporary residence application (such as a visitor record, a work permit, or a study permit), will most often come with instructions to leave Canada immediately. But some applicants will get a '''90-day restoration period''' when they can re-submit an application without having to leave the country. If you stay in Canada without a restoration period, it can cause serious problems for any future application to enter. In cases where the Canada Border Services Agency takes steps to remove someone from Canada, most people are eligible for a '''pre-removal risk assessment ''' before they are removed from the country. If you have already made a refugee claim that was rejected, the decision on risk will be based only on new evidence.
The Federal Court of Canada can review most decisions of immigration officials and tribunals. But it does so only in very limited cases. You would need legal help in this area.
==If you do not qualify under the usual immigration rulesGet help== ===With more information==='''Immigration officials can make exceptions , Refugees and Citizenship Canada''' is the federal government department that facilitates the arrival of immigrants and refugees to the usual Canada. Their website explains federal immigration rules programs and includes online application forms. :Toll-free (in some cases Canada): 1-888-242-2100:Web: [https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship.html canada.ca/immigration] '''WelcomeBC''' provides newcomers to British Columbia with information on immigrating to prevent undeserved BC, getting settled, and finding employment.:Web: [https://www.welcomebc.ca/ welcomebc.ca] The '''Legal Services Society''' may provide a lawyer for free if you meet the financial guidelines and are facing an immigration proceeding that may remove you from Canada, or exceptional hardshipyou want to claim refugee status. Their website also has [https://legalaid.bc.ca/publications/subject.php?sub=10 free publications for immigrants and refugees]. :Telephone: 604-408-2172 in Greater Vancouver :Toll-free: 1-866-577-2525 :Web: [http://legalaid.bc.ca legalaid.bc.ca] The '''Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada''' has details on refugee claims, admissibility hearings, and immigration appeals.:Web: [https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/ irb-cisr.gc.ca]
[updated February 2018]
'''The above was last reviewed for legal accuracy by [https://larlee.com/lawyers/darren-penner/ Darren Penner ], Larlee Rosenberg, and Gregory Bruce, and edited by John BloisBarrister & Solicitor.''' ----
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