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;''parens patriae'' jurisdiction:A Latin phrase meaning "parent of the country" and an English word. Refers to the court's inherent jurisdiction to deal with issues concerning persons under a legal disability, including children. See "children," "disability," "inherent jurisdiction" and "jurisdiction."
;parent:In family law, the natural or adoptive father or mother of a child; may also include stepparents, depending on the circumstances and the applicable legislation; may include the donors of eggs or sperm and surrogate mothers, depending on the circumstances and the terms of any assisted reproduction agreement. See "adoptive parent," "assisted reproduction," "natural parent" and "stepparent."
;parental responsibilities:A term under the ''Family Law Act'' which describes the various rights, duties, and responsibilities exercised by guardians in the care, upbringing, and management of the children in their care, including determining the child's education, diet, religious instruction or lack thereof, medical care, linguistic and cultural instruction, and so forth. See "decision-making responsibility" and "guardian."
;parenting arrangements:A term under the ''Family Law Act'' which describes the arrangements for parental responsibilities and parenting time among guardians, made in an order or agreement. "Parenting arrangements" does not include contact. See "contact," "guardian," "parental responsibilities" and "parenting time."
;parenting coordination:A child-focused dispute resolution process used to resolve disputes about parenting arrangements and the implementation of a parenting plan set out in a final order or agreement. See "alternative dispute resolution" and "parenting coordinator."
;parenting coordinator:A lawyer or mental health professional with special training in the mediation and arbitration of family law disputes, family dynamics, and child developmental psychology who meets the training and experience requirements set out in the provincial Family Law Act Regulation. See "arbitration" and "mediation."
;parenting timeorder:A term under the ''Divorce Act'' referring to orders concerning decision-making responsibility and parenting time. See "decision-making responsibility" and "parenting time.";parenting time:Under the ''Family Law Act,'' a term which describes the time a guardian has with a child and during which is responsible for the day -to-day care of the child. Under the ''Divorce Act,'' a term which describes the time a spouse has with a child and during which is responsible for the day-to -day care of the child. See "guardian" and "spouse."
;parol evidence:Oral evidence given in court, as opposed to written or physical evidence. See "evidence" and "witness."
;partition:In law, the division of the ownership of a piece of real property between two or more people. See "real property."
;privilege:In law, (1) the duty a lawyer has to keep their client’s information confidential, including communications between the lawyer and client and advice given to the client, or (2) the client's right to have their confidential communications kept secret and protected from disclosure. See "lawyer."
;probate:The process of checking the validity of a will, distributing a dead person’s estate, and settling their debts according to the instructions set out in that person's will. See "estate" and "will."
;''pro bono'':A The short form of the Latin phrase short for ''pro bono publico'', meaning "for the public good." Usually refers to those situations in which a lawyer provides legal services without charge. See "lawyer."
;proceeding:In law, (1) the whole of the conduct of a court proceeding, from beginning to end, and the steps in between, may also be used to refer to (2) a specific hearing or trial. See "action."
;proof:(1) Information which establishes or tends to establish the truth of a fact, or (2) the conclusion of a logical argument. See "evidence" and "premises."